Geography is important subject for both UPSC and IAS Mains Exam. The geography syllabus for upsc prelims contains the Indian geography as well as world geography. This includes the physical, Economic and Social Geography of India and the world. The geography section in the prelims syllabus gives the real depth of Indian Geography and World Geography and most of the questions are linked directly or indirectly with geography.

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The questions asked in prelims are from physical, social and economic geography of India and the world. Section-A Here we are giving the geography syllabus for UPSC prelims in a detailed manner which will help the aspirants those who are preparing for UPSC IAS Prelims 2019. UPSC Prelims Geography Syllabus Physical Geography i) Geomorphology Origin of the earth; Geological Time Scale; Interior of the earth; Types and characteristics of rocks; Folding and Faulting; Volcanoes; Earthquakes; Weathering; Landforms caused by fluvial, aeolian and glacial actions. Ii) Climatology Structure and composition of atmosphere; Temperature; Pressure belts and Wind systems; Clouds and rainfall types; Cyclones and anticyclones; Major climatic types. Iii) Oceanography Ocean relief; Temperature; Salinity; Ocean deposits; Ocean currents, El Nino and La Nino; Waves and tides. Iv) Biogeography Origin and types of soils; Major biomes of the world; Ecosystem and food chain; Environmental degradation and conservation. Section-B Human Geography i) Man and Environment Relationship Growth and development of Human Geography; Concepts of Determinism and Possibilism.

Ii) Population Races of mankind and tribes; growth and distribution of world population; migration; population problems of developed and developing countries. Iii) Economic Activities Food gathering and hunting; pastoral herding; fishing and forestry; Types of agriculture-shifting, subsistence, commercial and plantation; Mining, Power; Manufacturing -locational factors of textile, iron and steel, sugar and fertilizer industries; Tertiary activities-trade, transport, communication and services. Iv) Settlements Origin, types and patterns of rural settlements; Processes of urbanisation; morphology and functional classification of towns; million-cities and megacities. Section-C Geography of the World i) Major Natural Regions: Characteristics, economic base and human adaptation. Ii) Regional Geography of Developed Countries: Canada, U.S.A., Western Europe, Russia, Japan, Australia and New Zealand.